Local communication norms required careful navigation
- Jan 1, 2026
- 3 min read
Updated: 3 days ago
During Y1|Q2, the project made substantial progress in institutional coordination, human capacity development, field sampling, experimental establishment, and preparation for genomic analysis.
A significant milestone achieved was the actualisation of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation (KALRO) and Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology (MMUST). This MoU provides the formal framework for collaboration, including germplasm access, joint supervision, and compliance with ethical and regulatory requirements.
In line with the project's training objectives, an MSc student was recruited and formally inducted. The student was oriented on the research objectives, experimental design, biosafety protocols, and data management requirements, and is actively involved in project implementation. Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) will generate thousands of genome-wide markers per sample, enabling high-resolution analysis using polyploid-aware tools. The project will develop integrated phenotypic, genomic, and metadata datasets to support at least one MSc thesis and multiple research outputs. This directly contributes to capacity building and ensures the delivery of a postgraduate thesis and associated publications.
Napier grass samples were collected from multiple regions across Kenya, spanning diverse agro-ecological zones to capture national genetic and phenotypic diversity. Field sampling required travelling several thousand kilometres across the country, involving repeated site visits and coordination with farmers and research stations. The Napier grass varieties were assembled into a core collection for genomic analysis. All selected varieties were successfully established in controlled screenhouse conditions, with 100% survival at the time of establishment. Phenotypic assessments are conducted weekly to bi-weekly, depending on the trait and growth stage.
Inoculation procedures were initiated, and phenotypic evaluations are currently underway, marking the transition from the preparatory to the data-generation phase. To support downstream molecular work, the project formally engaged The Elshire Group Limited for Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) services through a signed Letter of Engagement. This agreement defines the project workflow, quality requirements, timelines, and milestone-based invoicing. Notably, the service provider confirmed that polyploid-aware analytical tools will be used, which is essential for Napier grass. Sequencing has not yet been conducted, as the project is currently in the pre-sequencing phase. No significant delays were encountered beyond the expected biological and logistical timelines for nationwide sampling and plant establishment.
During fieldwork, some cultural considerations influenced how sampling activities were conducted. In specific communities, farmers were initially hesitant to allow plant sampling, particularly where Napier grass is closely associated with household livelihoods and livestock feeding. Some concerns were raised that removing plant material might negatively affect fodder availability or farm productivity.
Language differences and local communication norms also required careful navigation. In some areas, technical explanations needed to be translated into local languages or simplified to ensure mutual understanding and trust. This occasionally extended the time required for field visits but ultimately improved collaboration.
These challenges were addressed through engagement with local extension officers and community leaders, clear explanation of the research's purpose and benefits, and reassurance that sampling would not compromise farmers' resources. Respecting local customs and taking time to build trust proved essential, strengthening relationships with participating communities.
During nationwide field sampling, the research team encountered several memorable moments that highlighted the close relationship between science and farming communities. On one occasion, farmers insisted on demonstrating the "best" Napier grass plots themselves, passionately debating which variety was most resilient based on years of observation. The discussion became so animated that the research team momentarily turned into an audience, listening as farmers compared disease tolerance, milk yields, and seasonal performance with remarkable detail.
In another instance, the establishment of a screenhouse attracted significant curiosity from colleagues and students, who jokingly referred to the experiment as "Napier grass on VIP treatment" due to the controlled conditions and careful monitoring. These moments not only brought humour into the research process but also reinforced the importance of local knowledge, collaboration, and enthusiasm in agricultural research.
Overall, these experiences strengthened stakeholder engagement and reminded the team that meaningful research is as much about people and shared learning as it is about data.
Dr Lubobi Shamala reporting on his progress for the following research project: Genome-Wide Identification of Resistance Loci for Napier Head Smut and Stunt Diseases Using Bulked Segregant Analysis Integrated with Genotyping-by-Sequencing in Kenyan Germplasm.
Edited by Heidi Sonnekus & Leti Kleyn for the FAR-LeaF programme.
